ИркутскНИИхиммаш
JSC “IrkutskNIIhimmash” has developed the standard of organization STO 00220227-044-2016 “EQUIPMENT OF HAZARDOUS PRODUCTION FACILITIES. Calculating and experimental methods of investigation”.
The enterprises of oil and gas processing, chemical, petrochemical and other industries are considered to be hazardous production facilities (HPF) that manufacture, process and store explosive and flammable, toxic materials, use the equipment working at high temperature and pressure and with aggressive environments. In general, the approaches to providing industrial safety of such enterprises may differ, but, first of all, every approach is based on correct assessment of their current and estimated technical state. Such assessment is conducted with the help of modern tools for technical diagnosis and monitoring coupled with advanced calculating and experimental methods of determination of stress-strain state and equipment life taking into account actual influence of damaging factors.
The least studied damaging factor, that negatively influence the technical state of technical equipment, is a dynamic load factor. As a rule, the HPF equipment is designed and implemented without taking into account the dynamic loads. During the life calculating only low-cycle loads that are, first of all, connected with startup, shutdown and operation mode changes are considered. Meanwhile, a significant impact on equipment life is made by the factors that are not considered during the design stage. For instance, during the operation of pump and compressor equipment (PCE) there are some problems connected with high level of vibration of pipe manifolds, interstage apparatuses, compressor units etc. It is especially specific for the facilities that have piston compressors, as well as for the process equipment working in conjunction with centrifugal superchargers pumping over the high viscosity and high temperature fluids.
While designing such equipment the focus is on process issues, meanwhile, the issues concerning its rational placement and fixation are handled without calculating the natural vibration frequencies spectrum and resonance testing of the system. As a result, during the operation the equipment is subjected to the dynamic loads that has not been predicted by the project. The prolonged influence of these loads combined with other factors cause fatigue breakdown of the equipment components and result in incidents and accidents at HPF, human and material losses, environmental pollution.
This standard sets the requirements to the common approach of applying the calculating and experimental methods of investigation while ensuring safe operation of equipment at HPF working under the dynamic influence of natural and man-made nature.